Lata Mangeshkar-A tribute to the Nightingale

I started my blog site  “ Music Unrestricted” on 24th  December 2021 coinciding with the birth anniversary of Rafi sahib and then later on added two more blogs -one on the legendary Tamil play back singer T M Soundarararajan and then next one on Kishore Kumar. I was planning to write a series of blogs on Lata Mangeshkar after some time  as it would have been a stupendous task to select from  her thousands of songs. But her  departure on 6th Feb ’22 has hastened this and so as an immediate tribute to one of the greatest female playback singers of India , I would like to talk about few of her unforgettable songs. Needless to add this is my personal listing and may differ from others’ preference.

For me personally , just like Rafi , Lata is part of  daily life. Not a single day goes without listening to her songs. It is very difficult to explain the feeling that I get whenever I listen to either Rafi or Lata. Though I do listen to many other singers and enjoy their songs ,  but when it comes to Rafi and Lata their voice has that special effect which is impossible to describe. These two voices are pure therapy…they can motivate, soothe, console, energise, make us laugh, cry. And so on!

Selecting 25 top songs of Lata can be termed as a futile effort…but I am restricting myself to this number as otherwise it would be a too long article to hold anyone’s attention. I have tried to list one song each from 25 different music directors and have also given the year in which the film was released so that one can appreciate the time span in which she sang and also the variety of music composers for whom she sang. The music directors covered in this are combination of the well-known stalwarts ( with the exception of O P Nayyar for whom she didn’t sing even a single song) and some lesser known but immensely talented composers. The years covered are from 1949 to 1991, a span of 42 years!.

#1 Aayegaa Aayegaa Aannewala

Year: 1949, Film: Mahal, Music: Khemchand Prakash, Lyrics: Nakshab

Lata started off her singing career in Marathi and also had some minor acting roles and songs in few Hindi films from 1942 to 1948, but it was Master Ghulam Haider who gave her the major breakthrough in the 1948 film Majboor. However, she became more famous with this immortal song from Mahal, composed by Khemchand Prakash. With an orchestration that was way ahead of its times, this remains the first song that comes to our mind if we think of the early singing career of Lata. It was really unfortunate that the composer Khemchand Prakash didn’t live to see this song becoming a super hit and sadly he died in penury.

#2 Chup Chup Khade Ho Zaroor Koi Baat Hai

Year: 1949, Film: Badi Behan, Music: Husanlal- Bhagatram, Lyrics: Rajindra Krishan

The brothers Husanlal & Bhagatram could have been be the  first duo in Hindi Film music and  gave fantastic songs to both Suraiya and Lata and had shaped their early careers. This one is a peppy song with that typical rhythm pattern that became a trademark of H-B. We can hear a very young , fresh voice of Lata in this song.

#3 Yeh Zindagi Usi Ki Hai, Jo Kisika Ho Gaya

Year: 1953, Film: Anarkali, Music: C Ramachandra, Lyrics: Rajindra Krishan

Many music connoisseurs consider the music of Anarkali composed by Chitalkar Ramachandra to be equal in quality, if not greater than Naushad’s Mughal-E-Azam. Although songs of Mughal-E-Azam became more popular, Anarkali was not in any way inferior. This song reveals the first signs of the classical mastery that Lata would go on to showcase in the coming years. Not only the classical touch but the subtle nuances of play back singing come to life with the lines” Kisiki aarzoo mein apne dil ko bekaraar kar “. The way she adds a subtle drag in “bekaraar” is an example.

There are two versions of this song-happy and sad-both are absolutely great.

#4 Manmohana Badhe Jhoote , Haarke Haar Nahin Maane

Year: 1955, Film: Seema, Music: Shankar- Jaikishan, Lyrics: Shailendra

If Yeh Zindagi Usi Ki Hai from Anarkali was a “starter” on classical mastery of Lata , this song is “main course”! Whenever Shankar -Jaikishan composed a pure classical number, it was just out of the world. And what a great rendition  by Lata , especially towards the end!! Set in the raag Jaijaiwanti , this is one of the best among the many classical songs she had sung.

#5 Aurat Ne Janam Diya Mardon Ko, Mardone Usey Baazar Diya

Year: 1958, Film: Sadhna, Music: N Dutta (Dutta Naik), Lyrics: Sahir Ludhianvi

Sahir is known for his  hard-hitting poetry that lashes  out at the ills of the society. This song is about the exploitation of women by men and Lata had made this into a song that could otherwise been just a recitation of verse. Though I am definitely not one among them , for many there is a misconception  that Lata doesn’t bring much emotions into her songs…this song  is  a fitting response to them as she had sung this with so much of feeling & pathos.

#6 Tere Sur Aur Mere Geet, Donon Milkar Banegi Preet

Year: 1959, Film: Goonj Uthi Shehnai, Music: Vasant Desai, Lyrics: Bharat Vyas

Although Vasant Desai’s immortal bhajan from the film “ Do Ankhen Bara Haath”  , Ae Malik Tere Bandhe Hum is more popular, I have selected  this one  mainly for the absolute honey-laced  melody in Lata’s voice. I understand that the great Shehani maestro Ustad Bismillah Khan had played the instrument for this film , but not sure if the shehnai we listen in this song was also played by him. Anyone knowledgeable can confirm this. Throughout the song , the shehnai plays along with the soulful voice of Lata, making this a true masterpiece.

#7 Beqas Pe Karam Keejiye Sarkar-E-Madina

Year: 1960, Film: Mughal-E-Aazam, Music: Naushad, Lyrics: Shakeel Badayuni

A movie of a lifetime, Mughal-E-Azam had great songs and selecting one is absolutely impossible. But this is a personal favourite , with Lata’s impeccable Urdu diction doing full justice to the exquisite poetry of Shakeel , composed in Raag Kedar by the legend Naushad Ali. Naushad was well known for his pure classical songs with minimum orchestration and great lyrics by his long-time associate Shakeel Badayuni.

#8 Rang Dil Ki Dhadkan Bhi Laati to Hogi

Year: 1960, Film: Patang, Music: Chitragupt, Lyrics: Rajindra Krishan

Chitragupt  and Lata were a terrific combination for the ever-so sweet style of composition that the former was well known. This is a  lilting melody with an extra sweetness in her voice that Lata used to bring out many -a times . Written by a very successful and great lyricist Rajendra Krishan the simple , romantic lines are brought to life by Lata.

#9 Saanware,  Kahe Mohse karo Jora jori

Year: 1960, Film: Anuradha, Music: Pt Ravi Shankar, Lyrics: Shailendra

Pandit Ravishankar composed for very few films ; the film Anuradha  had excellent songs. A title song , this is based on Raag Bhairavi and the taans in this are a treat to listen to. Very rarely played in radio/ anywhere else I don’t know why this song remains  not so popular .Lata had rendered this at a breath-taking speed! Such a fast paced classical number! That famous quote by none less than Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan comes to mind: “Kambakht kabhi besuri nahin hoti, kya Allah ki den hai [she never goes out of scale, what a gift of God]!”

#10 Ae Dilruba Nazren Mila, Kuch to Mile

Year: 1963, Film: Rustom Sohrab , Music: Sajjad Hussain, Lyrics: Jaan Nissar Akhtar

Lata herself rates this as one of the most difficult songs she had sung. This one must be one of those rare songs that has absolute minimum words. Just two lines as mukhda ( Ae Dilruba Nazren Mila, Kuchh to mile gam ka silaa) and four lines in antara ( Ashkon ka ek dariya bahaa,Pyaasa tha dil pyasa raha,nazren mila,  nazren mila, rehna na de koi gila) . Composed  by the most original and unconventional maverick composer in Hindi Film music Sajjad Hussain  and equally matching the composition’s quality is Lata’s complex rendition. Major part of the song is just Lata’s vocals that can be termed as sheer gymnastics!

Based on the tragedy of Rustam and Sohrab ,  part of the 10th-century Persian epic Shahnameh by the Persian poet Ferdowsi, this film had absolutely great songs with most of them having an Arabian touch.

#11 Pankh Hote to  Ud Aati Re, Rasiya O zaalima

Year: 1963 , Film: Sehra , Music: Ramlal, Lyrics: Hasrat Jaipuri

Among the many ‘very much talented-but totally neglected composers’ , Ramlal Chaudhary is one for whom I always feel so bad that the film industry didn’t give him the recognition and commercial success he rightly deserved. With just two of his major works, Sehra and Geet Gaye Patharone,  Ramlal had composed some of the best songs that can be counted amongst those by other stalwarts of the industry.

This masterpiece from Lata which starts with a unique , superb alaap can easily be listed even among her ten career best songs. One of the rare film songs that has the unique instrument Jalatarang so beautifully played and integrated into the song.

#12 More Naina Sawan Bhaadon, Tori Reh Yaad Sataye

Year: 1964 , Film: Vidyapati, Music: V Balsara, Lyrics: Prahlad Sharma ( In Maithili Dialect)

V Balsara ( Vistas Ardeshir Balsara)  was a well-trained musician with expertise in piano, and many other wind & string instruments. He had worked in the orchestra of well-known stalwarts like Khemchand Prakash, Naushad, Shankar-Jaikishan, Madan Mohan etc. There is an interesting anecdote behind this  song which  he  composed independently for the Maithili film Vidyapathi. Being a low budget film,  the producer , though wishing for Lata to sing a song , was hesitant to approach her as her fees might not have been affordable. However, when V Balsara spoke to her , due to the immense respect Balsara had in the industry as an Orchestra Director for HMV , Lata agreed to sing without any fees. And what an immortal song! A haunting melody , superbly rendered by Lata  that remains largely ignored in the mainstream media. Incidentally this song also inspired the more famous song with similar lines that was for the 1976 film Mehbooba sung by both Lata and Kishore  independently  ( composed by R D Burman) but in my own very personal opinion this song  by Balsara is way ahead in terms of orchestration  and melody.

#13 Jhoom Jhoom Dhalti Raat , Leke Chali Mujhe Apne Saath

Year: 1964 Film: Kohra , Music: Hemant Kumar , Lyrics: Kaifi Azmi

Most of the songs that  Hemant Kumar composed for Lata were sheer magical ones. This one from Kohra is one of my favorites. The film Kohra was adapted from  the English novel Rebecca by Daphne Du Maurier. There were totally four solo songs- two each by Hemant Kumar & Lata . Yeh Nain Dare Dare & Rah Bani Khud Manzil by Hemant da are two of his best songs and one more Lata solo O beqaraar dil ho chuka hai mujhko aansoan se pyaar is also equally good. However, the reason for choosing Jhoom Jhoom  is that the voice modulation by Lata is simply out-of-the world. Matching with the theme of this film which was a  thriller-horror , this one has the typical haunting mood that was characteristic of Hemant’s compositions.

#14 Kaanton Se Kheench Ke Yeh Aanchal ( Aaj Fir Jeene Ki Tamanna Hai)

Year: 1965, Film: Guide, Music: S D Burman, Lyrics: Shailendra

When it comes to selecting even top 25 songs from the batons of the stalwarts like S D Burman, Naushad, Shankar-Jaikishan, Madan Mohan, Roshan it is an impossible task as each one of their compositions with Lata  were masterpieces. So, selecting one is just futile…but as I mentioned in the beginning to keep this blog short and sweet, I have to select one. The film Guide was a landmark film in many ways and all the songs remain  masterpieces. The way Lata starts off in this song , picturized superbly by Vijay Anand on Waheeda Rehman,  conveys the extra-ordinary energy in this song. A scintillating  orchestration by Burman da, words sculpted by the master-blaster with words, Shailendra and photographed splendidly by the famous Fali Mistry , this is an epic  song. Whenever we listen to this ,  we wish to re-iterate the famous lines “ Aaj Phir Jeene Ki Tamanna Hai”.

#15 Rehte the Kabhi Jin Ke Dil Mein Hum Aaj Gunehgaaron Ki Tarah

Year: 1966, Film: Mamta, Music: Roshan, Lyrics: Majrooh Sultanpuri

With Roshan Lal Nagrath , Lata had outstanding songs from the films Mamta, Aarti, Bahu Begum, Taj Mahal etc just to name a few . Again, a difficult task to choose one , but Rehte The Kabhi Jin Ke Dil Mein has some excellent poetry by Majrooh Sultanpuri that is beautifully conveyed with the right emotions by Lata. If I do not mention the following lines , it would be a great injustice to this song:

Tapte Hue Dil Ke Zakhmo Par

Barse bhi toh angaaron ki tarah

Thokar Na Lagaana Hum Khud Hai

Girthi Hui Deewaron Ki Tarah

#16 Gairon Pe Karam , Apnon Pe Sitam , Ae Jaanewafa Yeh Zulm Na kar

Year: 1968, Film: Aankhen , Music: Ravi, Lyrics: Sahir Ludhianvi

As compared to other major composers, Lata had relatively fewer song with Ravi but almost all were hits. Although Tumhi Meri Mandir , Tumhi Meri Pooja from the film Khandan is very popular, this  song from Aankhen is more intricate. Just at the beginning of the song , there is a humming which Lata does it so beautifully, bringing out each note with the surgical precision that she is known for.

#17 Chod de saari duinya kisike liye , Yeh Munasib Nahin Aadmi Ke Liye

Year: 1968 , Film: Saraswatichandra , Music: Kalyanji -Anandji, Lyrics: Indeevar

Kalyanji -Anandji had two different styles in their compositions. Their songs till late 60’s was more classical based but later on in 70’s and 80’s they went with the tide and changed into more catchy, fast tunes. This one from Saraswatichandra has a very mesmerizing effect and coupled with Indeevar’s excellent lyrics makes it an evergreen song. The ease with which Lata travels to her trademark high pitch , retaining the melody intact is something very unique to her.

#18 Bhaiyan Na Daro Ho Balma , Na Karo Mose Raar

Year: 1970 , Film: Dastak, Music: Madan Mohan, Lyrics: Majrooh Sultanpuri

Madan Bhaiyya , as Lata used to call him was THE MOST successful pair with her in terms of quality. Almost all her songs with Madan Mohan are legendary and as I keep repeating , it is impossible to select one song.

This film gave Madan Mohan a long-awaited recognition in terms of National Award for best music. Dastak had three epic solo songs of Lata , viz Bhaiyan Na Dharo, Mai Ri Mein Kase Kahoon Peer and Hum Hain Mata-E-Koocha-O- Baazar and also one masterpiece of a solo , almost sung in a whisper,  by Rafi: Tumse Kahoon Ek Baat Paron Ki, Halki. In the 70’s , when music had gradually started getting more westernized,  jazzy and fast paced, Madan Mohan stood his ground & composed the songs of Dastak with strong classical base. Bhaiyan Na Dharo was set in raag Charukesi and Lata , in her typical style renders this so majestically.

#19 Jaane Kyun Log Mohabbat Kiya Karte Hain

Year: 1971 , Film: Mehboob Ki Mehandi , Music: Laxmikant Pyarelal, Lyrics: Anand Bakshi

With Laxmikant -Pyarelal , Lata had sung the maximum number of songs ,and  she was also instrumental in introducing them to the industry. The typical prominence of percussion that has been the hallmark of L-P’s compositions comes to the fore in this song. With great interludes , ups and downs , pauses this is one among many such songs that were huge hits from the combination of L-P & Lata.

#20 Raina Beeti Jaaye Sham Na Aaye

Year: 1971, Film: Amar Prem, Music: R D Burman , Lyrics: Anand Bakshi

R D Burman changed the entire tone of Hindi Film music in the 70’s. Whenever he composed songs with a classical base, they  were invariably too good. This one from Amar Prem is a classical masterpiece . Amar Prem , Kati Patang & Aandhi  are three greatest musicals  composed by him in my personal view and all had great songs of Lata.

#21 Raton Ke Saaye Jab Bhoj Dil Par Bane

Year: 1972 , Film: Annadata , Music: Salil Chowdhary, Lyrics: Yogesh

Among her personal favourites, Lata always had the songs she had sung for Salil da on top. Among the O Sajana Barkha Bahaar Ayee, Aaja Re Pardesi, Rajinigandha Phool Tunhare, Na Jaane Kyon Hota Hai Yeh zindagi ke saath, Naa Jiya Laagena and many more such fabulous songs, I like the less heard  Raaton Ke Saye Ghane due to a very complex structure of the song which Lata had sung exceedingly well.

#22 Chalte Yuhin Koi Mil Gaya Tha

Year: 1972, Film: Pakeezah, Music: Ghulam Mohammad, Lyrics: Kaifi Aazmi

As it is well known, Pakeezah took almost more than a decade to complete and the great , but lesser-known composer Ghulam Mohammad ( who was assistant to the maestro Naushad for a long time) passed away before the release of the film and couldn’t see the appreciation the film’s music got. All the songs of this film are masterpieces but this one with a haunting melody and in my opinion one of the best ever percussion in Hindi film music is an eternal song. Lata’s Urdu diction was at its best ever in the songs of Pakeezah. The longer version of the song that we can listen to in the film is truly stunning in orchestration and picturization.

#23 Tu Chanda Mein Chandini , Tu Tarvar Mein Shaak Re

Year: 1972, Film: Reshma Aur Shera, Music: Jaidev Lyrics: Balkavi Bairagi

Jaidev got three national awards for best music among just 50 odd films that he composed in his entire career!! Proves what a great artist he was. And as it happened with many unsung geniuses , he breathed his last living in a one room rented apartment with almost nil personal belongings!!

To choose one song of Lata from the various gems like Allah Tero Naam, Ishwar tero naam, Raat Bhi Hai Kuch Bheegi, Yeh Dil Aur Unki Nigahon Ke Saye , Tunhein Dekhti Hoon to Lagta Hai Jaise etc is an arduos task. The song Tu Chanda Mein Chandini is one of the very long duration songs-almost 9 minutes. The way he had composed this with so many twists and turns, changes in the rhythm pattern , pauses in between etc makes this a class apart. Who else can do full justice to such a composition than Lata?!!

#24 Ae Dil-E-Nadaan… Aarzoo Kya Hai Justaju Kya Hai

Year: 1983 , Film: Razia Sultan , Music: Khayyam, Lyrics: Jan Nissar Akhtar

After 1972 , we straight away come to 1983!! Khayyam had been composing right from the year 1948 , but his songs with Lata were very few in the beginning years. His milestone films like Phir Subah Hogi, Shola Aur Shabnam and Shagoon had almost nil or at the most one or two duets of Lata. His major hit with Lata was in 1966 film Aakhri Khat that had “ Baharon Mera Jeevan Bhi Sanwaro”. However, the song Ae Dil-E-Nadaan from Razia Sultan is known for bringing back the melody in Lata’s singing back after a long gap. With one the best ever use of Santoor in film music , this is a one-of-a kind composition . Khayyam had used Santoor, Violin & Sarangi so beautifully. This song can well be termed as “duet  “ of Lata with Santoor. Through out the song , it plays along adding charm to the still sweet voice of Lata ( at around 54 years!!). Highlight of the song is that complete cessation of music after the lines “ Yeh Zameen Chup Hai, Aasman Chup Hai” ….and then how it starts with Phir Yeh Dhadkan Si Chaar-Su kya hai

#25 Yaara Sili Birah Ke Raat Ka Jalna

Year: 1991 , Film: Lekin  , Music: Pt Hridayanath Mangeshkar , Lyrics: Gulzar

The last song in this blog  should naturally end with a master composition by Lata’s brother Pt Hridayanath Mangeshkar. At the age of 62 what a melody in her voice, winning  the National Award as  best female playback singer for this song. Hridayanath is well known for his very complex compositions and Lata’s abhang and devotional songs in Marathi under his music direction can be an altogether separate blog. This folk- based song from Lekin shows the immense command Lata had over singing especially towards the end with the lines…yaaara….dolaaa…yaaara…dolaa.

 I feel this is just the right song to conclude this small tribute of mine. I shall try to take up each genres of Lata and discuss the same and also the fabulous duets she had sung in future blogs.

Acknowledgements and Disclaimer:
The songs mentioned are from the popular, public domain and have been mentioned here   only for the listening pleasure of the music lovers. This blog does not claim any copyright over them, which rests with the respective owners of the rights. I would also like to thank various blogs/articles published in the Internet from which I had obtained many information while writing this

The Pre-‘Aaradhana’ Kishore Kumar

The Pre-‘Aaradhana’ Kishore Kumar

Intriguing title, isn’t it? Why pre-Aradhana? Kishore Kumar started singing when he was just 19 years old, in the year 1948 with the song “Marne ki duayen kyun maangoon” that was composed by the legendary music director Khemchand Prakash. Aradhana happened in the year 1969 and so it was at the age of 40 when he ultimately got tremendous success that he rightly deserved. Does that imply his songs before 1969 were not good or popular? No way. This blog is not getting into controversies as to who was a better singer/ the reasons why some music directors might have erred in not giving the chance  that Kishore deserved. There are enough articles and blogs that have discussed this to the point of bitter arguments and fights.

This blog is titled Music Unrestricted and so true to the essence of this blog, let us talk about only good things, leaving aside all controversies. Personally, I am a great fan of Rafi, but I always feel, if Rafi wasn’t there, then I would have listened to Kishore more often. And the reason for writing about the pre-Aradhana songs of Kishore is to highlight the fact that in this period, I always felt his voice & singing was as good as it was post 1969, may be a shade even better, I would venture to say. Since most of the songs that he had sung after 1969 are so popular and very well documented and talked about in the popular media/blogs/forums etc, I thought it could be a better idea to focus first on the pre-1969 era. This is not to deny the excellent quality of songs that Kishore had sung post Aaradhana.  There will be a sequel to this in near future that will talk about the post Aradhana Kishore. As a standard disclaimer the 21 songs listed here are  , my personal favourites which may not be the same as others’ choice. Readers can mention their favourite Kishore songs of this period under comments section.

{ I have intentionally not provided links to the songs as many a times , there are copyright issues and a particular song may get removed; since all the songs mentioned here are easily available on searching in the Internet, request interested readers to do their own discovery for listening pleasure!}

#1 Aa chal ke tujhe mein leke chaloon (1964); Film –Door Gagan Ke Chhaon Mein, Music-Kishore Kumar, Lyrics- Kishore Kumar.

Just before this song appears in the film “Door Gagan Ki Chhaon Mein “, Kishore, who produced, directed, wrote, acted and composed music (what a multi-talented artist he was!!), asks his son (played by his real son Amit Kumar), Mujhe Gaana kahan aatha hai?!!. What an understatement by the genius who was one of the most natural singers ever. When he sings, the music just flows like a river. He never had any formal training in music and so was unfettered by any boundaries and so his songs always sound so natural.

Though this film had other songs written by Shailendra, this particular one was even penned by him. So, you have a song that was composed, written, sung and enacted by Kishore and what an eternal melody, with minimum orchestra -just  flute, sitar as main instruments.

#2 Mein hoon jhum jhum jhum jhumroo (1961); Film –Jhumroo; Music-Kishore Kumar, Lyrics- Majrooh Sultanpuri

The film Jhumroo was a commercial success for Kishore as compared to Door Gagan Ki chhaon mein. It was a dilemma for me to choose between the title song “Mein hoon jhum jhum jhumroo “and “Koi Humdum Na Raha, Koi Sahara Na Raha” which is one the best ever by him. So, I have selected both the songs!! Mein hoon jhum jhum jhumroo listed first here is unique due to the excellent yodelling -one of the best ever by him.

Appearing as the title song of the film, this one is still a challenge for anyone to sing due to the extra-ordinary yodelling done by Kishore. A beautiful guitar used throughout the song enhances the charm.

#3 Koin Humdum Na Raha; (1961); Film –Jhumroo; Music-Kishore Kumar, Lyrics- Majrooh Sultanpuri

There is an interesting anecdote about the other song from the same film Jhumroo – “Koi Humdum Na Raha, Koi Sahara Na Raha”. This song was taken from the 1936 film Jeevan Naiya which had Kishore’s elder brother Ashok Kumar singing the song composed by the first female music director of Hindi Film Music, Saraswati Devi. Ashok Kumar himself had talked about how Kishore had first asked his permission to take this song for Jhumroo. When Ashok had told Kishore that it was a complex metre, Kishore’s classic response was” I don’t know anything about metre etc. but will sing it better than you”!! And he definitely did a better rendition of that song and immortalised it!! Whenever Kishore sings a sad song, he brings in a very subtle pathos into it, thereby giving a pleasing effect. That, in my opinion, could have been due to his very natural way of singing.

#4 Arre Bhai Nikal; Ke Aaa Ghar Se (1956); Film –Nai Dilli; Music-Shankar -Jaikishan, Lyrics- Shailendra

Those days, Kishore was more focussed on acting; in fact, other leading singers of that time also started off with acting like Talat Mehmood, Mukesh but later on switched to singing (thankfully!). Rafi had a very brief stint with two films and soon realised it was not his cup of tea at all. Kishore, however had a reasonably successful acting career also. Reason for mentioning this is that due to this he was the natural choice as singer to do playback for himself. So, we have Shankar -Jaikishan’s peppy number selected in this list.

Set in a typical Marathi folk style, Kishore does all the variations that he is capable of, and also does a superb dance on screen. Especially at the end of the song, the way he changes the pitch in the lines “Arre Bhai, Arre Bhai” is vintage Kishore.

 And not to forget the prophetic lines of Shailendra:

Pani ko tel ko choda, bijali ki rail ko choda,

Kal Chaand Taaron Mein Pahunchegaa Atomi Ghoda!!

Writing about reaching the moon in “atomi ghoda” in year 1956, when the first unmanned satellite Luna actually landed in 1966. What an imagination the poets had those days!!

#5 Choti Si Yeh Duniya Pehchane Raaste; (1962); Film –Rangoli; Music-Shankar -Jaikishan, Lyrics- Shailendra

One more gem from the combination of Shankar-Jaikishan and Kishore -very famous for the first lines that can be quoted whenever someone wants to say “dekh loonga”!!!

Anecdote says Shailendra wrote the first lines to remind Shankar-Jaikishan after they supposedly forgot their promise to him to take as lyricist in their team. I am not sure if that was true.  This one has that typical tempo and orchestration of S-J (with a superb accordion) and a breezy style of singing by Kishore. What more do we need? Interspersed with lines in Bengali and Marathi , anyone listening to this will feel like getting up and dancing.

#6 Mana Janaab Ne Pukara Nahin; (1957); Film –Paying Guest; Music-Sachin Dev Burman, Lyrics- Majrooh Sultanpuri.

All the 5 songs mentioned so far were picturized on Kishore himself. Now we come to the hero for whom Kishore sung the most before 1969, i.e., Dev Anand.

One can feel the modulation that Kishore had brought in this song as compared to those picturized on him. Later on, when he became the main voice of both Dev Anand and Rajesh Khanna, the difference can be perceived  distinctly.

Aided by an excellent orchestration that was the trademark of Sachin Dev Burman, this is a pleasant romantic number

#7 Mere Neendon Mein Tum Mere Khwabon Mein Tum; (1956); Film –Naya Andaaz; Music-O. P Nayyar; Lyrics-Jaan Nissar Akhtar

A one-of-a-kind duet with unique combination of Kishore & Shamshad Begum. To the best of my knowledge this could be the only song they had sung together and hats off to O.P Nayyar to bring these two voices together. As most of the music fans know, Shamshad’s voice was known as that resembling “a temple bell” ( that was a compliment given by O P Nayyar) and paired with an equally deep voice of Kishore, this remains a great duet, but may be not very popular among the masses.

One typical orchestration style of OPN was to have the same interludes for all the antaras unlike other his contemporaries, but that single melody always used to be exceptional. This song is no exception with violins, accordion and flutes complementing each other in the interludes.  One can hear a very different Kishore in this song.

One more song that has Kishore as the on-screen actor with a beautiful Meena Kumari in one of her few happy roles. A word about the great shayar Jaan Nisaar Akhtar—may a times the next generation of an artist becomes more famous—same is the case here-his son Javed Akhtar is more popular . Jann Nissar had written written fabulous songs in the golden era.

#8 Mere Mehboob Qayamat Hogi; (1964); Film –Mr X in Bombay; Music-Laxmikant -Pyarelal; Lyrics- Anand Bakshi.

In 1963, with Paras Mani film, Laxmikant-Pyarelal stormed into the Hindi film music scene and got their major success with Dosti, made in 1964. Mr X In Bombay was also released in same year, 1964 and this song remains as fresh and popular even after 58 years!!

This remains one of the best ever soulful song from Kishore. The version that we hear normally in radio is different from the screen version .  There is a clear variation in the tone with which Kishore had sung the first part of the song where he is seen on screen and the second part where he is invisible. The reason why such old songs will remain immortal is due to such subtle modulations in voice without any electronic distortions that have crept in today’s songs.

#9 Aake Seedhi Lagi Jaise Dil Pe Katariya ; (1962); Film –Half Ticket; Music-Salil Chowdhury; Lyrics- Shailendra

Many years later, in 1971 when Salil Chowdhury composed the song “Koi Hota Jis Ko Apna” for the film Mere Apne, he had rued as to why he didn’t utilize Kishore earlier. As Salil da was known for his very intricate tunes that song remains one of my all-time favourite Kishore numbers. Coming back to this article, the film Half Ticket was an all-out comedy film starring Pran and Kishore. Originally this song was supposed to be a Kishore-Lata duet but due to non-availability of Lata Mangeshkar’s dates, Kishore suggested to Salil Da that he can sing the female part also. Initially Salil da dismissed this as a joke but when he heard Kishore sing both the versions was totally amazed and this turned out to be unique song. Not only the voice modulation, but the swift change between male and female voice (remember those days there was no technical gimmicks available to record separately) was something only Kishore could do so easily.

Adding charm to this song is the way he has danced to the song on screen…truly amazing.

#10 Arre Yaar Meri Tum Bhi Ho Gajab  ;  ( 1965); Film –Teen Deviyan    ;   Music-Sachin Dev Burman  ;  Lyrics- Majrooh Sultanpuri

One more evergreen combination of Dev Anand-Kishore-S D Burman-Majrooh. This film had totally 6 songs and all were great hits. This duet with Asha ( along with whom Kishore later on had hundreds of hit songs) is one of the best ever. The last part of the song where Kishore almost whispers the lines “ Arre Yaar Meri Tum Bhi Ho Gajab , ghoonghat to zara odho…” and then an endearment hmmm….hmmm is really a classic where we are unable to make out if it is Kishore or Dev saying those lines. Kishore had done that part so beautifully.

#11 Chhota Sa Ghar Hoga Badalon Ke Chhaon Mein  ;  ( 1954); Film –Naukri    ;   Music- Salil Chowdhury  ;  Lyrics- Shailendra

A typical exceedingly sweet melody from the melody king Salilda with simple but meaningful lyrics by the great Shailendra (his speciality was conveying great thoughts in simple language) and rendered even more sweetly by Kishore. At the end of the second antara , Kishore does his typical harkat with the intentional breaking of voice to convey a mock crying by his sister on screen. That breaking of voice is one thing no other singer could come anywhere near Kishore. And he used to carry it off  so nicely without creating a jarring note.

#12 Zaroorat Hai Zaroorat Hai   ;  ( 1962); Film –Manmauji  ;   Music- Madan Mohan  ;  Lyrics- Rajendra Krishan

Till this day , this song remains evergreen and has been even remixed ( though personally I don’t like anyone remixing the old classics at all!!) . That shows how popular this song is . A very rare combination of Madan Mohan with Kishore this song has a catchy rhythm , at the same time having  the melody intact. Kishore has given the extra punch with stress on the lines” to kya baat hai” at the end of each antara , making the song so lively. One more song picturized on him , with his typical dancing style.

#13 Eena Meena Deeka    ;  ( 1957); Film –Aasha ;   Music- C Ramachandra  ;  Lyrics- Rajendra Krishan

The most popular Rock and Roll number from Hindi film music, this song needs no introduction. While Chitalkar Ramachandra was very strong in his classical raag based compositions, he was equally adept in such peppy numbers. And who else to execute to perfection than Kishore. There is an anecdote behind the origin of this song : C Ramachandra heard some kids playing outside his studio  saying Eenie Meeni Miny Moe and that inspired him and his assistant John Gomes to improvise and compose the first lines. Rajendra Krishan did a great job by adding the rest of the song. What with Kishore’s electrifying dance on screen , we got a power packed song which will make anyone get up and dance with the song.

The vocal gymnastics by Kishore is in full play towards the end!!

#14 Dukhi Man Mere Sun Mera Kehna  ;  ( 1956); Film –Funtoosh ;   Music- Sachin Dev Burman  ;  Lyrics- Sahir Ludhianvi

From the boisterous Eeena Meena Deeka to the utterly sad Dukhi Man Mere Sun Mera Kehna—what a range Kishore had!! One of the starting points of the fabulous Dev-Sachin Da-Kishore Da combination that would continue to bring out hits after hits later on , this song showcases the pathos that Kishore can bring in his singing. Incidentally I read somewhere that Kishore himself had considered this  as his topmost favourite song.  Composed with minimum orchestration by Sachin Da and written  with seemingly simple lines  but conveying profound philosophy  by the great Sahir Ludhianvi , this is an eternal song.

#15 Panthi Hoon Mein Uss Path Ka  ; ( 1971); Film –Door Ka Rahi  ;   Music- Music-Kishore Kumar ;  Lyrics- Irshad

While selecting the songs for this article, I had tried to list out the songs of my choice that Kishore had sung in his earlier innings, i.e., pre-Aaradhana. At the time of listing the songs I selected them purely by my own gut feeling , without actually checking the year of the film. When I started checking out the actual year for each of the songs, I was surprised to note that Door Kar Rahi was a 1971 film. However, I am still retaining this song as it has a feel of a 60’s song with such a great pain in the melody and the way Kishore had sung this. So, this is the only exception in this list. Composed by himself and written by a relatively unknown composer credited as Irshad ( I tried my best to dig out information from the Net but couldn’t get to know anything much about this lyricist) .

This is a relatively rare song in the sense that the other song from the same film “ Bekaraar Dil Tu Gaaye Jaa “ is more popular. Though I like that song also , but Panthi Hoon Mein is definitely one of my personal favourites among Kishore’s sad songs. When we watch the scene before the start of this song, we can also realise what a sensitive actor Kishore was.

#16 Kashti Ka Khamosh Safar Hai   ; ( 1960); Film –Girl Friend  ;   Music- Hemant Kumar ;   Lyrics- Sahir Ludhianvi

From the intensely sad songs Dukhi Man Mere and Panthi Hoon Mein , let us look at some enchanting romantic songs of Kishore.

If I have to write about this song , where should I  start? Whether the majestic voice of Kishore , the exquisite poetry of Sahir ,  the haunting flute of Hemant da or the sweet voice of the much-ignored singer Sudha Malhotra?? In a song like this , music, singing & lyrics come together complementing each other so well that we are lost for words!

How can they imagine lines like these in those days? What beauty in the words?!!

Kashti ka khamosh safar hai, shaam bhi hai, tanhai bhi

Door Kinare par bajhti hai lehron ki shehnai bhi

Aaj mujhe kuch kehna hai, Aaj mujhe kuch kehna hai

It continues on similar lines and ends with:

Dil ne Dil ki baat samajh li, Abh Muh se kya kehna hai

Aaj nahin toh kal keh lenge, Abh toh saath hi rehna hai

Keh bhi chuko jo kehna hai

Chodo abh kya kehna hai

Just like how at the end Kishore says: Chodo Ab Kya Kehna Hai…it is better to listen to this masterpiece rather than me saying anything further about that!!

#17 Yeh Raatein Yeh Mausam Nadi Ka Kinara   ; ( 1958); Film –Dilli Ka Thug  ;   Music- Ravi Shankar Sharma ( Ravi)  ;   Lyrics- Shailendra

One more romantic number that brings to your eyes a moon lit night on the banks  of a river . Another rare combination of Ravi & Kishore. Ravi was well known for his very sweet melodies mostly with Rafi and then later on with some fabulous songs with Mahindra Kapoor. However, in this song Kishore excels himself with an ever-so sweet voice that perfectly fits in with the tone of the song.

With a lilting melody and a waltz rhythm to go with , picturised on Kishore and a ever-so beautiful Nutan, this duet with Asha remains popular even today.

#18 Woh Shaam Kuch ajeeb thi, yeh shaam bhi ajeeb hai  ; ( 1969); Film- Khamosh;   Music-Hemant Kumar , Lyrics- Gulzar

Released just around 5 months before Aaradhana, this haunting pathos from Hemant da remains one of the topmost songs of Kishore. Picturised on Rajesh Khanna in black & white  , with whom , later on Kishore would team up to  give hits after hits , this song brings out the many aspects of Kishore’s singing. With his natural deep voice alternating with a tender softness and at the same time conveying pathos  in a very subtle manner, we really wish Kishore had more such numbers.

#19 Machalti Hui Hawa Mein Cham Cham ; ( 1964); Film- Ganga Ki Lehren  ;   Music-Chitragupt , Lyrics- Majrooh Sultanpuri

The film Ganga Ki Lehren had both Dharmendra & Kishore as main actors; this title song is picturized on Kishore. Chitragupt was always known for his lilting melodies and any serious music buff will agree that though his compositions were mostly top class, he never got the recognition he deserved. The only Lata duet in this series of songs, this song is very much popular for the foot tapping rhythm and the breezy style in which both Kishore and Lata had rendered this.

#20 Ae Mere Topi Palat Ke Aa  ; ( 1956); Film- Fantoosh  ;   Music-Sachin Dev Burman  , Lyrics- Sahir Ludhianvi

The last two songs of this article come back to the genre that was always Kishore’s forte. Though officially credited to Sachin da, it is said that this song was actually composed by his illustrious son, Rahul and was the first ever tune composed by him at the age of 17. The team of RDB and Kishore would later go on to become one of the most successful in Hindi film music.

This one is a simple tune but the way Kishore plays upon the words “ Meri Topeee, Meri Topee “ is superb. If you compare this song with Dukhi Man Mere from the same film which was discussed in Song # 13 , the versatility of Kishore can be fully appreciated.

#21 Ek Chatur Naar Karke Singaar   ; ( 1968); Film- Padosan  ;   Music-Rahul  Dev Burman  , Lyrics- Rajendra Krishan.

Does anyone need any write up on this song?!! Iconic, boisterous, impromptu improvisations…the adjectives will go on.

The precursor to the wave that changed the Hindi film music scenario after Aaradhana, Padosan had other  fabulous songs , Kehana Hai  Kehana Hai  Aaj Tumse Yeh Pehlee Baar, Mere Saamnewali Khidki Mein & Mere Bhole Balam ( Meri Pyari Bindu) .

Ek Chatur Naar is a  favourite of music talent shows.Kishore was absolutely rocking in this ; it is said that many parts of the song were done by him impromptu, at the time of recording. With Manna Da and Mehmood providing perfect company , this remains one of the best comical songs ever.

Thereafter, in 1969 , Aaradhana happened and rest is history.

With that I come to the end of this article; hope you have enjoyed reading this.

Personally, I like only few selected songs of Kishore in the post Aaradhana era but as a blog creator, I will definitely write about them , setting aside my personal preferences!! So, wait for Kishore Season 1, Episode 2 (in present day style) in near future!!

Acknowledgements and Disclaimer:
The songs mentioned are from the popular, public domain and have been mentioned here   only for the listening pleasure of the music lovers. This blog does not claim any copyright over them, which rests with the respective owners of the rights.

T M Soundararajan—A look at few of his evergreen songs

If there was one singer who played a major role in the Tamil film playback singing in the 50’s to early 70’s it was definitely Thoguluva Meenatchi Iyengar Soundararajan, always popularly referred to as TMS. For a person who used to make fun of this singer’s nasal tone in childhood, I myself feel so bad what a great blunder I had made in under-estimating this legend…and so the first blog that I am writing about on Tamil film songs has to be on TMS as an atonement! Similar to our food taste that takes a drastic turn from childhood to the time we reach our 40’s and 50’s, it is my personal experience that our music taste also changes as we age. 

The ever so perfect diction of his Tamil, the extra-ordinary pitch, the masterly play of emotions in the singing (I can only compare him with another legend in the manner of “emoting” a song to perfection-Mohammad Rafi) and last but not least the versatility …. all these make TMS the legend that he is.

In addition to the above, his ability to adapt his singing to the actor on whom the song is picturized was extra-ordinary. I will give an example of this that actually happened few days back when I was thinking of writing this article and so was listening to many of his songs. I was having my morning walk and was listening to “Ullathin kadavugal kangalada, inge uravukku karanam pengalada” (only audio). I could make out that it was definitely not for MGR or Sivaji but someone else. Then I visualized on whom it might have been picturized and then guessed it could be Jaishankar…and then when I searched the video of the song I was absolutely right!

That is TMS’s adaptability!!!

When someone wants to select the top 10 or 20 or even 50 or 100 songs of a legend who must have sung thousands of songs through many decades, it is really a difficult task. My choice may definitely not be the same as yours and hence there is always bound to be discussions or even arguments as to why some song/songs were left out. So, it is with a clear disclaimer I am going to write that the 20 songs in this blog are purely from my personal choice. Also hoping that at least most of them would be the popular choice also. One more clarification is that this blog is only about his film songs; his devotional /non film songs may need a separate blog as those are a class apart. Few examples of his non film songs like Karpagavalli Nin Porpathangal , Ullam Urugudayya etc may be heard even hundred years from now.

#1 Muthai tharu pathi thiru nagai  Film –Arunagirinathar, Music-T R Pappa, Lyrics-Saint Arunagirinathar.

The milestone song of TMS, which even in very recent time many singers have rendered nicely but the version by TMS remains eternal and is outstanding example of his Tamil mastery. When I was collecting information to write this blog, I learnt that he just took a day to rehearse this and completed the recording in a single take!!! Not only the ease with which he had sung this great composition of Saint Arunagirinathar, his skilful rendition at his trademark high pitch adds to the charm. For those who may not be aware, he has also acted in the titular role in this film. After many years, when he would have been more than 70 years of age , in an interview he had sung this without any accompanying music with the same energy.

#2 Agara muthala ezhutellam ariya vaithai devi-Film -Saraswathi sapatham; Music -K V Mahadevan, Lyrics -Kannadasan.

A very unique composition that has all the Tamil “Uyir ezhutukkal”, i.e., alphabets a, aa, e, ee etc as the starting letters of the Pallavi of the song. And who else to do full justice to this language but TMS?

The genius of Kannadasan is reflected in the way he had composed this song with each of the line starting off with Tamil “Uyir ezuthu” alphabets like “Agaramuthala ezhuthellam ariyavaithai devi, Aadhi bhagawan mudhalendre unaravaithai devi, Iyal isai nadaga deepam yetri vaithai, Eendravar nenjai kulira vaithai….and then ends with Omkaara Isai thandhu
Uyara veiththaai devi. This was composed by  another genius -K V Mahadevan who excelled in such classical compositions.

TMS had not only rendered this with perfect diction, but modulated his voice wherever required like “oomayin vai thirandu pesavaithai amma”. note how he adds that subtle emotion when he says “amma”.

But the highlight of the song starts when TMS ‘mastery over Tamil literally flows like a river “Pottraveithu pugazh saatraveithu….and goes to astronomical heights with “Utraar suttram uravinar maandhar
Yaaani senai padaiyudai veendhar”.

# 3 Vasantha Mullai pole vandhu asaindhu aadum: Film Sarangadhara; Music G Ramanathan; Lyrics A. Maruthakasi. Composed in the Charu kesi raagam by the legend G Ramanathan, this is one of the best classical songs of TMS. That “Indira vil neeye. chandira oli neeye” is vintage TMS pitch. In the lines “eedilla unaye yennnnnn manam nadude” the beauty in yennnnn adds so much charm to the song.

# 4 Yerikkarain mele poravale pen mayile : Film: Mudalali; Music -K V Mahadevan Lyrics- Ka Mu Sharif

Composed in the Aarabhi raagam this is a typical KVM song that has a beautiful blend of the classical and folk flavours. The way TMS brings out the beauty of the word “mayile” with different styles, the alapanai after “thennai mara cholayile chittu pola “, his pleading tone with “nillu konjam naanum varen” -all these marks the highlights of this song.

A special mention must be made on the lyrics and the lyricist Ka Mu Sharif—note the similes on birds and animals- “annam pola nadai nadandhu sendridum mayile, thennai mara cholayile chittu pola pore penne, kobam konda maanai pole odalamo …. etc.

And not to forget the beautiful use of morsing throughout the song by KV Mahadevan that lends a special charm.

# 5 Vantha naal muthal; Film- Paava Mannippu; Music Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics -Kannadasan

This is a superb melody composed by the Mellisai mannargal Vishwanathan-Ramamoorthy with absolutely minimum orchestration, and only the voice of TMS having prominence. An iconic song that talks about how mankind has created divisions in the society with the lyrics remaining as relevant today as it was when composed in 1961 by the great Kannadasan. It starts off with a beautiful whistling and has only 3-4 instruments like a guitar, a violin before the 2nd charanam and the trademark bongos. The usage of bongos by MSV itself may merit a separate article! 

# 6 Satti suttadada, kai vittadhada; Film Aalayamani; Music Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics – Kannadasan

It is very difficult to choose between the trio of “Satti suttadhada”/ Ponaal pogattum poda/ Veedu varia uravu as all these three songs are excellent and almost with same under lying theme about  human frailties. When TMS renders these lines, you can clearly feel the various emotions like : repentance in the lines “budhi kettadhada, nenjai thottadhada; peace in “amaidhi deivam muzhu manathil koyil kondadhada; futility in “erumbu tholai urithu parka yaanai vandadhada.

#7 Paatum naane bhavamum naane: Film-Thiruvilayadal; Music – K V Mahadevan; Lyrics-Kannadasan

An iconic classical song that remains as popular today as it was more than 50 years ago when it was composed. TMS’ mastery in the classical genre is in full flow. The ease with which he goes to the heights of octave with “edhilam iyangum iyakkamum naane, yen isai nindraal adangum olage…e…e…e…e is just amazing. I happened to watch a live performance of this song in You Tube which happened in 80’s at Singapore. At the age of 60+ he had sung with same energy.

Hats off!!

#8 Malarndum malaraadha paadhi malar pola: Film-Pasa Malar; Music – Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics-Kannadasan

I am sure every Tamilian must be knowing this song -needs no introduction at all. Till today there are various renditions of this song, many with lots of technical mastery in terms of orchestration, recording and even the artist’s own improvisations. With due respect to all, the feel that the original song rendered so soulfully by TMS and P Susheela can never be matched. Even a rock will melt listening to this song. What a powerful combination of lyrics, composition & singing! When you listen to the lines: Athai magalai manamkondu, Ilamai vazhikandu, vaazha pirandaiyada. The pathos in TMS’ voice is so intense. And equally matched by P Susheela in her lines also: Maman thangai magalana mangai unakkaga ulagai vilai pesuvaar. The lullaby that TMS sings after the lines: Uravai pirika mudiyaathada…is ultimate. Whenever I listen to this song, eyes become moist. Probably it was some divine power that entered the minds of MSV-TKR, TMS-PS, Kannadasan when they composed and created this evergreen melody.

#9 Yenge Nimmadhi, yenge nimmadhi: Film: Pudiya Paravai; Music – Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics-Kannadasan.

Always considered THE BEST ever by TMS, this song doesn’t need any introduction at all! There has been n number of blogs/videos on the making of this epic by the MSV-TKR-Kannadasan-TMS team with some hundreds of musicians in the orchestra -an unheard-of event for that time. Any write up on the orchestration part of this song may need a separate blog and so I restrict myself to the topic of this blog, which is TMS. The song begins with the anguish of the thespian Sivaji Ganesan’s character in the movie, to the stress on the word ‘anggey’ in the lines “anggggey yenakkor idam vendum, the lament in the word ‘ohhhhhh’ in “iraivan kodiyavane ohhhhhhh”. TMS literally provides an encyclopaedia for play back signing.  At the end, “indru mattum amaidhi thanthaal uranguven thaaye…uranguven thaaye” …TMS’ voice almost breaks down with pathos. No write-up can do justice to this song. One has to just listen and get into the soul of the song.

While researching for this song, I came to know that this song was finally recorded after some 17 takes, with some 200 + musicians!! Imagine what an effort would have gone into the making with all involved in this?!!

#10 Neeye unakku endrum (popular as “Mama-Mapillai” song); Film -Bale Pandiya; Music -Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics- KannadasanWhen I first heard this song, I was completely floored by this!

With only percussion instruments -may be mridangam and ghatam as accompanying instruments this is a very unique song with no other orchestration at all. Set in Suddha Dhanyasi raagam this song is not only a treat to listen to but also to watch with superb expressions by the legends Sivaji Ganesan and M R Radha, with Balaji also lending equal support with his on-screen ghatam. I am not very sure about the person who had lent the voice for M R Radha (what a great versatility by that person!) but from search in Internet I understand it is one M Raju. After starting off with pure classical tone, towards the end TMS brings about so much humour in the song with his modulations, equally matched by Sivaji with his acting. Incidentally this song is very popular in the singing talent shows in TV. I can only compare TMS’ beautiful mixture of a humorous song in a pure classical style with some of the songs in similar combinations in Hindi films done by Manna Dey.

#11 Yaar andha nilavu, yen indha kanavu; Film -Shanthi; Music -Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics- Kannadasan

From the classical to  pathos, from the humorous to  jazz  in “Yaar andha nilavu”. What a versatility in TMS’ singing repertoire!! This is an epic song that has been discussed in various blogs and vlogs. One can hear a completely different TMS in this song with a westernized tone. Special touches at “ingu naaaaaan vandha varavu”, “koil deepam maariyadai neeeeee arivayo” make the song more enjoyable. How can we ignore the innovative use of the instrument Sarangi in the prelude and also before the first charanam? I read in many blogs that Sivaji took few days to think how to enact this song on screen after having complimented TMS, MSV-TKR and Kannadasan on creating this immortal song.

#12 Enna than nadakkum nadakattume; Film -Panathottam; Music -Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics- Kannadasan.

Now we come to another style of TMS -yes you guessed it -who else but Puratchi Thalaivar M G Ramachandran. In this song that “HA” summarizes the style of MGR and also TMS! It is a well-known fact that TMS had completely different styles for Sivaji and MGR, with most of the songs also written and composed in different ways for both these leading actors. In his own words he had said that for Sivaji he used to sing from deep within and for MGR more from the throat.

When TMS sings “thannale velivarum tayangadhe, oru thalaivan irukkiran mayangadhe” we can very well visualize MGR waving his hand in his trademark style.

The philosophical songs (Thattuva padalgal in Tamil) of MGR and Sivaji that TMS had sung with equal fervour can be a separate article in its own merit. The list is endless.

#13 Oru pennai paarthu nilavai paarthen: Film-Deiva Thai; Music -Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics- Vaali

After the different genres that we have discussed so far, we now come to romance genre. For any playback singer to be successful for decades, versatility is one of the main reasons. And what other song than this to start off the topic? Right from the beginning, the foot tapping drums and bongos set the tone for the song. Note the seamless “avalillamal naan illai, naan illamal avalillai” sung without any break. Also, the question at the end of each charanam “naalai yen seivalo???”

#14  Pavalakodiyile muthukkal poothal punnagai endre: Film: Panam Padaithavan; Music – Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics-Vaali

A haunting duet with excellent humming by L R Eshwari, brilliantly composed by MSV-TKR with an Arabian style melody. The way TMS stretches each word on the pallavi is simply great.

#15 Tharai mel pirakka vaithan: Film: Padagotti; Music – Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics- Vaali

A sad song generally doesn’t have a catchy rhythm pattern, but this is one amazing composition by MSV-TKR that has such a beautifully rhythm and orchestration, but with an underlying pathos, that is brought out in TMS’ voice.

Vaali’s lyrics are a perfect reflection of the plight of fishermen’s life; with Padgotti film Vaali became a force to reckon with in Tamil film industry, breaking the near monopoly of Kannadasan.

The charanam ascends gradually with each line and reaches a peak to come to a brief pause with a beautiful flute piece taking over. A special mention on the excellent use of Shehnai; MSV -TKR were masters in using this predominantly North Indian instrument.

#16 Kan pone pokkile kaal pogalama: Film: Panam Padaithavan; Music – Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics-Vaali

Another MSV-TKR+Vaali+TMS+ MGR combination that is an evergreen melody.

Set to a waltz rhythm so beautifully by the mellisai mannargal MSV-TKR duo with an excellent piano-violins-accordion-flute orchestra arrangement and also an added chorus to give a total westernized feel, this song is really a class apart.

When TMS says “manidhan pona padaiyai marandhu pogalamaaaa?”, the question is already conveyed in his singing. This remains a personal favourite for me forever.

#17 Naan aanaittal adhu nadanduvittal: Film: Enga Veetu Pillai; Music – Vishwanathan & Ramamoorthy; Lyrics- Vaali

A peppy number, conveying the political message of MGR in his inimitable style.

Starting off in the trademark pitch, TMS matches with the energy of MGR’s performance of the song on screen.

#18 Or aayiram paarvaiyile un paarvaiyai naan ariven: Film: Vallavanukku Vallavan; Music – Vedha; Lyrics- Kannadasan

Although this song was the Tamil version of the original Hindi “Sau baar janam lenge” composed by Ravi and sung by Rafi, TMS had rendered this with equal, if not even more emotions.

# 19 Andha naal gnyabagam nenjile: Film: Uyarntha Manithan; Music – M S Vishwanathan; Lyrics-Vaali.  A one-of-a-kind song that swings between dialogue and song a, this is indeed a masterpiece in singing by TMS. The situation of the song is when two men from different social strata meet – the character played by Sivaji Ganesan is a rich man, who talks about his childhood days with his friend, who is now his driver (played by Major Sundararajan).

The ease with which TMS shifts from a happy tone at the beginning of the song to pathos is truly remarkable. Also, when we watch the song the seamless merging of Sivaji’s acting and TMS ‘voice is a classic example of play back singing. Vaali’s lyrics are on the best ever from him for a Sivaji film. Towards the last charanam, the song goes into almost prose form: ‘periyavan siriyavan, nallavan kettavan…and then “Thavarugal seidhavan evanume azhugiran”. If anyone else other than TMS had sung, it would have just sounded like a dialogue and not a song.

One can convincingly say that this song was not “sung” by TMS but “enacted” off screen by him, complimenting the legend Sivaji’s on screen acting to the tee.

# 20 Ennadi rakamma pallaku nelippu: Film: Panam Padaithavan; Music – M S Vishwanathan; Lyrics- Kannadasan. A cult classic now, if the word “viral” would have been applicable in the year 1972, it would have been very apt. Those days there might not have been a day in which this song was played in radio or in some function or the other. A rocking, folksy, peppy number from TMS that completes his repertoire in this blog.

Acknowledgements and Disclaimer:
The songs mentioned are from the popular, public domain and have been mentioned here   only for the listening pleasure of the music lovers. This blog does not claim any copyright over them, which rests with the respective owners of the rights.

Few extra-ordinary songs of Rafi saheb

I am passionate about the old Hindi film songs especially from the golden era. I listen to and appreciate all singers, music directors and lyricists mostly from the 50’s to 70’s not only from Hindi films but also from my mother tongue, Tamil.

However, like many, I do have my personal favourites and from the title of this article one can understand who it is! However I also appreciate the rich baritone of Kishore, the velvety soft tone of Talat, the intense pathos in Mukesh, the classical mastery of Manna Dey, the extraordinary pitch of Mahendra Kapoor, the divine voice of Lata, the melodious voice of actress-singer Suraiya, the earthy Shamshad Begum, the versatile Geeta Dutt, the ever-youthful voice of Suman Kalyanpur , the husky voice of Asha etc…the list is endless . But Rafi is someone I cannot live without…he is sheer oxygen and a lifeline!.

Music is highly personal and so this article is about how I perceive some songs of Rafi that are somewhat out of the ordinary and this is the main theme of this article. I feel privileged to launch this blog and this article on the birth anniversary of the legend Mohammad Rafi saheb.

If you ask me what is extraordinary or out of the ordinary in the songs that I am going to write about, it is again difficult to exactly define. Music is not a science to get bound by definitions/formulae. We can safely consider these as not of the regular, conventional Hindi film song style.

One common feature I can say is that they are mostly with very less emphasis on orchestration and it is Rafi and Rafi all through the song. Typical to Rafi’s style they are intensely emotional and he takes these songs to great heights with his rendition. A majority of these songs are quite long in terms of duration (more than the typical 3 minute for an average film song). Of course, two songs in the list are even just shorter than the  average 3 minute duration , and so , can qualify to be out of the ordinary!!

Let us see what these songs are:                                 

#1 Jinhe naaz hai hind par who kahan hai. Film –Pyasaa, Music-S D Burman, Lyrics-Sahir.

A very hard hitting song to the extent that many will get put off with the whip lashes on society made by Sahir through his words. But for an ardent lover of Hindi film music this is a masterpiece in playback singing where the singer goes totally into the soul of the song. Right from the starting yeh kuche…hmm ghar dilkashi ke, to the end where he keeps asking “ kahan hai” the pathos and angst of the protagonist is made alive by Rafi. Throughout the song he keeps asking “ kahan hai , kahan hai”….sometimes with curiosity, sometimes with desperation.

The modulation in each and every line can only be appreciated when you listen to the song alone, preferably in the dead of the night. There is almost nil orchestration with some strings, an occasional tabla, few violins towards the end. Rafi was known for the hatasha ki hansi ( laugh of despair) and in between, he makes this in the lines, yahan peer bhi aa chuke , jawan bhi, tan-o-mand bete bhi abba miya bhi. Sometimes I wonder-is Rafi an actor??? A person whom we have very rarely heard talking and if at all he talks, he talks in a whisper, transforms into a different personality before the microphone.

#2 Yeh mehlon, yeh thakhton, yeh tajon ki duniya.  Film –Pyasaa, Music-S D Burman, Lyrics-Sahir.

Same film, and almost similar theme, hitting hard at the selfish society, but this is sung in the film at the time when the hero realises his own friends have usurped his poetry and are conducting a memorial thinking he is dead. He starts off with melancholy, rather in a drowsy manner with the first lines , and then starts “waking up” with yeh daulat ke bhooke , riwazon ki duniya. All through  the song , if one listens keenly, we can feel the frustration of the hero when he keeps asking “ to kya hai”. A very subtle variation that Rafi brings out is at the end of the song when he emphasizes   the word ‘ agar’ in the line “ yeh duniya agar mil bhi jaaye to kya hai” whereas   in the entire song earlier the agar would be coupled with the last syllable ‘ya’ in duniya and made into duniya-agar as a joint word. These small nuances make Rafi the master in playback singing.

#3 Mein yeah sochkar uske dar se utha tha….  Film –Haqeeqat, Music-Madan Mohan, Lyrics-Kaifi Aazmi.

Unlike the first two songs mentioned before, this is a very short one-just about 3 minutes and a unique composition by the master of melody Madan Mohan. There is no typical mukhda-antara with interludes ..it is just a seamless duet between Rafi and the violin (anecdotes say it was played by Pyarelal, but I am not an authority on this). The shift from the soft beginning to the last “ magar usne roka , na usne manaya” shows the amazing modulation in the velvety voice of Rafi.

#4 Mere Mehboob Tujhe , meri mohabbat ki kasam…Film –Mere Mehbob, Music –Naushad, Lyrics-Shakeel Badayuni.

A full 7 minute song with six antaraas and just around 5 instruments only !! But what a romantic epic song?! A quintessential Naushad composition with only a very brief interlude of santoor ( Naushad used to say that in majority of his songs the interlude is just to enable the singer to take some breath!!). People in those times may not have known about catch phrases like Keep It Simple Stupid… but Naushad followed it to perfection while composing this song. Though Rafi was adept in almost all genres of playback singing, when it comes to romance, it is sheer nectar all along.

If you can keenly hear the “tiredness” in thak gaye hain mere majboor tamanna ke kadam, that typical way of Rafi’s Nigahon ka in do gadi apni nigahon ka sahara, “ trouble” in teri furqat ne pareshaan kiya hai  , you can appreciate why Rafi was considered as an “ actor”, acting out the song , sometimes even better than the actor on screen!!

#5 Carvaan guzar gaya , gubaar dekhte rahe…Film-Nayee Umar ki nayee fasal, Music-Roshan, Lyrics –Gopal Das Neeraj.

Epic is the only word that can describe this great poetry by Neeraj—a poem written by him that was later on taken for the film. Knowing the immense power of the poetry, Roshan kept the orchestration and tune to the bare minimum and Rafi infused so much of life into each and every word. There are four stanzas with some 290 words in the entire song. This could be one of the most voluminous songs in Hindi films. Rafi must have been eager to bring in his typical style and so at the end of the song, he does that  “ caaraaavaan ” in his typical nonchalant manner. This is one of the few songs where the lyrics can be mentioned as the essence of the song…who can forget the last lines of each of the four antaraas:

”  Umr ke chadaw ka, uthaar dekhte rahe”

“ Saans ki sharaab ka, khumaar dekhte rahe”

“Odhkar kafan padhe , majaar dekhte rahe”

“Paalki liye hue , kahaar dekhte rahe

#6 Dekhi zamane ki yaari, Bichde sabhi baari baari..Film: Kagaz Ke Phool, Music S D Burman, Lyrics-Kafi Aazmi

If the combination of Guru Dutt-SDB-Sahir-Rafi created the angst-ridden two songs of Pyasaa already mentioned in the beginning of this article, this one is has all the three players, with Kaifi Aazmi replacing Sahir. This an almost 8 minute song, picturized splendidly by the combination of Guru Dutt & cameraman V K Murthy over different stages in the film. And what a soulful rendition by Rafi- with a bare minimum orchestra and a superb use of chorus in the interludes. He starts with just a whisper with the lines “dekhi zamane ki yaari, then goes on to bring out the anguish at the end “ ud jaa ud jaa pyase bhanware” . In between, what a superb stretch in the word…’saaaaari’ in the line pal bhar ki khushiyaan hai saari. I find it so difficult to explain/ write about the way in which Rafi sahib had rendered this song so beautifully. One has to just close the eyes and get immersed in the song to appreciate.

#7. Saawan ke mahine mein ek aag si seene mein..Film: Sharaabi (Year 1964), Music –Madan Mohan, Lyrics: Rajendra Krishan

The song meanders at a leisurely pace, giving ample scope for Rafi to soak into the song with the intoxication he excels (isn’t it an irony that the teetotaller Rafi must have sung the maximum number of ‘sharabhi’ songs!!). The song starts off with the following lines with whistling sound of wind and sets the tone :

Chand ki chaal bhi hai behaki hui

Raat ki ankh bhi sharaabhi hai

Saari khudrat nashe mein hai jab choor

Are maine pi li to kya kharaabi hai

If you watch the scene it is just as if Dev Anand himself is singing –Rafi moulds his voice so perfectly and adds that intoxication in right mixture. The three antaraas that follow are quite peppy and contrasting in pace to the beginning of the song… a very unconventional composition by Madan Mohan.

#. 8 Teri tasveer bhi tujh jaise haseen hai lekin..Film: Kinare Kinare, Music –Jaidev, Lyrics: Nyay Sharma

This film, directed by Chetan Anand and also starring him, along with Dev Anand & Meenakumari had many songs but is noteworthy for Jaidev using four leading male playback singers in four different solos. Manna Dey’s –Chale jaa rahen hai, mohabbat ke maare kinare kinare; Talat-Dekhi Lee teri khudayee, bas mera dil bhar gaya; Mukesh-Jab gam-e-ishq satata hai tu hans le ta hoon & Rafi-Teri tasveer bhi tujh jaise haseen. All four are great songs. However, coming to our topic, this is again a masterpiece of Jaidev where he uses just a flute and santoor as main instruments with a violin going hand-in-hand with Rafi.   Almost nil interlude music, a complete cessation of music in the last lines:

Kya mere dil ki tadap ka tujhe ahsas bhi hai
kya mere dil ki tadap ka tujhe ahsas bhi hai
warna fir meri hi wahshat me sula de mujhko

Rafi brings so much of velvety softness in the rendition keeping in mind the scene that is picturized –the character looking at his lover’s photo and singing. To the best of my knowledge, after Hum Dono’s great songs with Rafi, Jaidev had this as his next one. I couldn’t think of any major songs he had composed for Rafi after this. But sometimes quality compensates to a very great extent on the quantity!!

#. 9 Na kisi ki aankh ka noor hoon, na kisi ke dil ka karaar hoon..Film: Lal Quila , Music –S.N Tripathi, Lyrics: (Bahadur Shah Zafar? /Muztar Khairabadi?)

First, before talking about the song, a disclaimer—reason why I have mentioned two names against lyricist is that there remains some controversy whether it was written by the last Mughal emperor or another poet Muztar Khairabadi—his son was Jan Nissar Akhtar-another famous shayar in Hindi films. As I am not an authority at all on this, let us leave it at that and come to the song.

This is quite a famous song and used to be played in Vividh Bharati earlier but now-a-days not heard much. Expressing the anguish and helplessness of the last Mughal emperor this is a unique song with no orchestration at all, with just a flute and one instrument that I am unable to recognize (sorry for this!!) . It is just Rafi and Rafi all along. How poignantly he brings out the feeling in each and every word, phrase with the just about required expressions. No extra harkats or any of the typical punch that Rafi gives –just his golden voice…that should sum up this song. S.N Tripathi was known more for his compositions in mythological and historical movies with a strong classical base. This was an out of the ordinary composition by him that perfectly fitted the poetry.

#. 10 Sadqe heer tujhpe hum fakir sadqe .Film: Mear Nam Joker ( Deleted in the movie) , Music –Shankar-Jaikishan , Lyrics: Prem Dhawan

A hidden gem mainly because it was deleted in the movie (no idea why…may be the film was as such quite long  but what would  just a two and a half minute epic song add to the length??). I heard this song for the first time around ten years back only, thanks to You Tube. A very rare combination of Prem Dhawan writing in a S-J composition. This could be the only one. And what a defining heer. Unlike a typical S-J composition , this is without any prelude , interlude orchestration etc. Just before the last lines, the signature violins and piano of S-J come to life just to give that lift to Rafi’s high notes.

de de dil hamaara hamein waapas
jogi le kar yehi pukaar aaye
aur maangen jo kuchh to maut maangen
ae ae ae ae
ter dar pe hain aakhri baaar aaye
jogi le kar yehi pukaaar aaye

That ‘aakhri baaaaar aaye” is the apt climax to this great song with Rafi adding so much of desperation to that “baaaaar”.

Before Mera Naam Joker, in all songs of the RK banner  right from Barsaat to Sangam there used to be at least one Rafi song. Just on a sombre, purely personal guess I end this article …may be because this superb song was just like that deleted, Rafi   aakhri baar aaye …in a RK film. I don’t think Rafi ever sang in a RK film subsequently to the best of my knowledge.

Acknowledgements and Disclaimer:
The songs mentioned are from the popular , public domain and  have been mentioned   only for the listening pleasure of the music lovers. This blog does not claim any copyright over them, which rests with the respective owners of the rights.

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